References

References

References cited in the Global Strategy

Adu-Gyamfi R. 2011. Safeguarding cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) germplasm by cryopreservation: the vitrification approach. PhD Thesis, University of Reading, UK. 

Bartley, BGD. 2005. The genetic diversity of cacao and its utilization, CABI Publ, Wallingford, UK. 

Bartley, BGD. 1984. Bartley BGD (1984) Genetic resources programme of the Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies St. Augustine, Trinidad. Consultant's report. In: Cocoa Research Unit Report for 1981-1983. The Universityof teh West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad. p. 13-16. 

CacaoNet. 2005. Towards a Global Cacao Genetic Resources Network (CacaoNet): A consultation process for its establishment. Proposal Submitted by IPGRI to the Begeleidingscommissie Subsidieregeling Duurzame Ontwikkeling Cacao- en Chocoladesector. December 2005. 

CGIAR. 2011. Proposal to the CGIAR Fund Council, submitted by the CGIAR Consortium Board of Trustees, for Financial Support to the CGIAR Center Genebanks in 2011. Available from URL: http://www.cgiarfund.org/cgiarfund/sites/cgiarfund.org/files/Documents/PDF/fc4_funding_proposal_CGIAR_ Genebanks.pdf 

Cuatrecasas J. 1964. Cacao and its allies: a taxonomic revision of the genus Theobroma. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 35:379-614. 

End MJ, Daymond AJ, Hadley P, editors. 2010. Technical guidelines for the safe movement of cacao germplasm (Revised from the FAO/IPGRI Technical Guidelines No. 20). Global Cacao Genetic Resources Network (CacaoNet), Bioversity International, Montpellier, France. 

Escribano P, Viruel MA, Hormaza JI. 2008. Comparison of different methods to construct a core germplasm collection in woody perennial species with simple sequence repeat markers. A case study in Cherimoya (Annona cherimola, Annonaceae), an underutilized subtropical fruit tree species. Annals of Applied Biology 153(1): 25–32. 

Eskes AB, Efron Y, editors. 2006. Global Approaches to Cocoa Germplasm Utilization and Conservation. Final report of the CFC/ICCO/IPGRI project on “Cocoa Germplasm Utilization and Conservation: a Global Approach” (1998-2004). CFC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/ICCO, London, UK/IPGRI, Rome, Italy. 

Fang J-Y, Wetten A, Hadley P. 2004. Cryopreservation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) somatic embryos for long-term germplasm storage. Plant Science 166(3): 669-675. 

Fang J-Y, Wetten A, Adu-Gyamfi R, Wilkinson M & Rodriguez-Lopez C. 2009. Use of secondary somatic embryos promotes genetic fidelity in cryopreservation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.). Agricultural and Food Science 18(2): 152-159. 

FAO. 2010. The Second Report on the State of the World’s Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Chap. 8, The Contribution of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture to Food Security and Sustainable Agricultural Development. pp.184–185. FAO, Rome, Italy. 

Frison EA, Diekman M, Nowell D, editors. 1999. Cacao. FAO/IPGRI Technical Guidelines for the Safe Movement of Germplasm No. 20. (1st revision). FAO/IPGRI, Rome, Italy. Available from URL: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/nc/publications/publication/issue/cacao.html 

Girón Aguilar, R.C. 2011. Evaluación del impacto generado por el uso del germoplasma distribuido en el período del 2003 al 2008, en Costa Rica y otros países y análisis de los costos de conservación en CATIE. Tesis sometida a consideración de la Escuela de Posgrado como requisito para optar por el grado de Magister Scientiae en Socioeconomía Ambiental, Turrialba, Costa Rica. 

ICCO. 2012. May 2012 Quarterly bulletin of ICCO statistics. Available from URL: http://www.icco.org/about-us/icco-news/197-may-2012-quarterly-bulletin-of-cocoa-statistics.html 

ICCO. 2010. The World Cocoa Economy: Past and Present. EX/142/6, 30 July 2010. ICCO Executive Committee, 142nd meeting, Bloomsbury House, London, 14 – 17 September 2010. 

Li Z, Traore A, Maximova S, Guiltinan. 1998. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from floral explants of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) using thidiazuron. In vitro Cell. & Dev. Biol. Plant 34: 293-299. 

Lockwood G, End M. 1993 History, technique and future needs for cacao collection. In: Proc Int Workshop on Conservation and Utilization of Cocoa Genetic Resources in the 21st Century, 1992, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, Cocoa Research Unit, The University of the West Indies, pp 1-14. 

Maximova, S.N., Alemanno, L., Young, A., Ferriere, N., Traore, A. & Guiltinan. 2002. Efficiency, genotypic variability, and cellular origin of primary and secondary somatic embryogenesis of Theobroma cacao L. In vitro Cell. & Dev. Biol. Plant 38: 252-259. 

Motamayor JC, Lachenaud P, da Silva e Mota JW, Loor R, Kuhn DN, Brown JS, Schnell RJ .2008. Geographic and genetic population differentiation of the Amazonian chocolate tree (Theobroma cacao L). PLoS ONE 3(10):e3311.doi:10.1371/journal/pone.0003311 

Pence VC. 1991. Cryopreservation of immature embryos of Theobroma cacao. Plant Cell Reports 10:144-147. 

Pound FJ. 1945. A note on the cacao population of South America. In: Report and Proceedings of Cacao Research Conference, Colonial Office, May-June 1945. The Colonial Office, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, UK. pp. 131-133. 

Sackville Hamilton NR, Engels, JMM, van Hintum Th JL, Koo B, Smale M. 2002. Accession management. Combining or splitting accessions as a tool to improve germplasm management efficiency. IPGRI Technical Bulletin No. 5. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy. 

SPC. 2004. Directory of Plant Genetic Resources Collections in the Pacific Island Countries and Territories. Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC). Available from URL: www.spc.int/lrd/index.php? option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=473&Itemid=298 

Thomas E, van Zonneveld,M, Loo J, Hodgkin T, Galluzi G, van Etten J. 2012. Reflections on spatial diversity patterns of Theobroma cacao L. in Tropical America. Submitted. 

Toxopeus H, Kennedy AJ. 1984. A review of the Cocoa research Unit Research Programme. Cocoa research Unit Annual Report for 1981-1983 

USDA/ARS. 2010. Sequencing of cacao genome to help chocolate industry, subsistence farmers. 2010, September 15. Available from URL:http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/09/100915100940.htm 

Van Hall CJJ. 1914. Cacao. London, Macmillan and Co. limited, UK. 

Van Hall CJJ. 1932. Cacao. 2nd edition. Macmillan, London, UK. 

van Raamsdonk LWD, Wijnker J. 2000. The development of a new approach for establishing a core collection using multivariate analyses with tulip as case. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 47(4): 403-416. 

van Treuren R, Engels JMM, Hoekstra R, van Hintum TJL. 2009. Optimization of the composition of crop collections for ex situ conservation. Plant Genetic Resources Characterization and Utilization 7(2). 

van Treuren R, van Hintum TJL, de Wiel C. 2008. Marker-assisted optimization of an expert-based strategy for the acquisition of modern lettuce varieties to improve a genebank collection. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 55(2): 319-330. 

Wadsworth RM, Ford CS, Turnbull CJ, Hadley P. 2003. International Cocoa Germplasm Database v. 5.2. Euronext.life/University of Reading. UK. CD-ROM. 

Wood GAR, Lass RA. 1985. Cocoa. 4th edition. Longman, London. 

References used for the Global Strategy but not directly cited

Aikpokpodion PO, Motamayor JC, Adetimirin VO, Adu-Ampomah Y, Ingelbrecht I, Eskes AB, Schnell RJ, Kolesnikova-Allen M. 2009. Genetic diversity assessment of sub-samples of cacao, Theobroma cacao L. collections in West Africa using simple sequence repeats marker. Tree Genetics & Genomes 5(4):699-711. 


Aime MC, Phillips-Mora W. 2005. The causal agents of witches' broom and frosty pod rot of cacao (chocolate, Theobroma cacao) form a new lineage of Marasmiaceae. Mycologia 97:1012-1022. 

Argout X, Salse J, Aury JM, Droc G, Gouzy J et al. 2010. The genome of Theobroma cacao. Nature Genetics 43:101-108. 

Bekele F, End M, Eskes AB, editors. 2003. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Cocoa Breeding for Improved Production Systems: INGENIC International Workshop on Cocoa Breeding, Accra, Ghana, 19-21 October 2003. INGENIC and Ghana Cocoa Board 2005. Available from URL: http://ingenic.cas.psu.edu/proceedings.htm

Brown AHD. 1989. Core Collections - a Practical Approach to Genetic-Resources Management. Genome 31(2): 818-824. 

CacaoNet. 2009. Minutes of the Fifth CacaoNet Steering Committee Meeting, Hyatt Hotel, Port of Spain, Trinidad, 23 March 2009. 

Cheesman E. 1944. Notes on the nomenclature, classification and possible relationships of cocoa populations. Tropical Agriculture 21:144-159 

CGIAR/SRGP. .2010. The decision-support tool developed as part of the project “Collective Action for the Rehabilitation of Global Public Goods in the CGIAR Genetic Resources System, Phase 2 (GPG 2)” funded by the World Bank 2007-2010. The Excel tool is available on Crop Genebank Knowledge Base from URL: http://cropgenebank.sgrp.cgiar.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=45&Itemid=142&lang= english 

Cryer NC, Zhang D, Lanaud C, Montamayor JC, Wilkinson MJ, Hadley P. 2009. Towards the construction of a global strategic base collection for Theobroma cacao L. based on the use of microsatellite markers. Oral presentation, May 2009. 

Dias LAS, editor. 2001. Genetic Improvement of Cacao (Melhoramento Genético Do Cacaueiro) FUNAPE-UFG, Brazil. Translated into English by Abreu-Richart CE. Available from URL: http://ecoport.org

Efombagn IBM, Motamayor JC, Sounigo O, Eskes AB, Nyasse S, Cilas C, Schnell R, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Kolesnikova-Allen M. 2008. Genetic diversity and structure of farm and genebank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers. Tree Genetics & Genomes 4(4):821-831. 

End MJ, Engels JMM, Zhang D. 2008. Report of a meeting on the establishment and composition of the Global Strategic Cacao Collection held at The University of Reading, March 2008. 

Engels JMM. 2007. Generating benefits of conserving and distributing cacao genetic diversity: what are the roles of CacaoNet and its partners? A discussion paper. Rome, Italy. 

Engels JMM, End MJ, Turnbull CJ, Daymond AJ, Cryer N, Ruas M, Rouard M. 2009. A Global Strategy for the Conservation and Utilization of Cacao Genetic Resources. Paper presented at the 16th International Cocoa Research Conference, Bali, Indonesia, November 2009. 

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